De la televizoare obișnuite, computere, telefoane mobile, până la ecrane mari și mici folosite în panouri exterioare, spații interioare, mașini etc., nu este greu de observat că în viața modernă, din ce în ce mai multe informații sunt obținute și utilizate prin intermediul afișajelor. În special odată cu evoluția tehnologiei informației sub generația actuală de calcul, se estimează că amploarea lumii va ajunge la aproximativ 50 de miliarde de dispozitive conectate în 2020 și volumul de date de 44ZB (Zettabyte, care este de 1 miliard de ori mai mare decât TB), ceea ce evidențiază cererea continuă de afișaje în viitor. cerere mare și tendințe de aplicare.
Taking mobile communication as an example, 5G (fifth generation mobile communication), which is currently in full swing with the development of related technologies, is expected to become more mature and mature in 2020. In addition to providing larger and faster network bandwidth, The performance and reliability of the network connection will also be improved, not only can it better meet the data volume of high-resolution displays such as 4K, but also better meet the image transmission requirements of devices such as drones or virtual reality (VR) devices, and even It will also lead to more breakthroughs in display technology, becoming more intelligent, with interactive functions, and higher resolution.
Cinci zone de aplicare de afișare
Utilizare personală, AR/VR, casă inteligentă, vehicul și public
With the development of network construction and display applications, it can be expected that the future will be a "one cloud and multiple screens" environment, that is, through the connection with the cloud, it is possible to obtain all the information on the displays of various purposes and forms. The required information content can be derived from different applications and services. According to the research and observation of the Industrial Economics and Trends Research Center (IEK) of the Industrial Technology Research Institute, the global display market will still be dominated by mobile phones and LCD TVs by 2020; by then, the shipments of mobile phones will reach about 2.27 billion Taiwan, of which the output value of displays is about 43.83 billion US dollars, while LCD TV has a shipment of 280 million units, and the output value of related displays is 47.56 billion US dollars.
In addition, there are other display applications, even if the market share is not high and the output value is limited, but they show quite significant growth and development potential; for example, OLED TV in TV, it is estimated that the shipment in 2020 will only be about 12.1 million The output value of TV sets and related displays is about 6.18 billion US dollars. Although it is not much in the entire TV or display market, the compound annual growth rate can be as high as 69.2 percent . In addition, there are about 90 million smart watches and a display output value of 880 million US dollars, with a compound annual growth rate of 19.7 percent ; Augmented Reality (AR) and VR have 11.9 million units, and the output value of related displays is 19.7 percent . 3.6 billion US dollars, the compound annual growth rate is also 14.6 percent .
In terms of automotive displays, due to the increasing proportion of automotive IT, the rapid development of in-vehicle entertainment communications, vehicle networking, and safety assistance systems has driven the growth of the overall automotive electronics scale. Consumers are accustomed to playing multimedia and synchronously surfing the Internet with smart handheld devices, and extending such user habits to in-vehicle screens. Therefore, in-vehicle screens have become a major investment in ICT manufacturers, brand car manufacturers, component manufacturers, and panel manufacturers. The important target of software and hardware development is also the fourth screen representing important changes in the automotive industry.
The vertical market of displays for automobiles and public use, with the gradual improvement of technology and wide application in the market, has also driven the steady growth of displays. It is estimated that by 2020, the output value will reach 7.4 billion and 3.33 billion US dollars respectively. These data evaluation and development status not only show that the demand for displays will continue to increase in the future, but also the application directions will be more diverse, which can be roughly divided into personal use (such as mobile phones, wearable devices, computers), AR/VR, smart home (such as TV) ), public use, vehicle use and other five main application areas.
În diferite domenii de aplicare și scenarii, cererea pentru tehnologia de afișare va fi diferită și va aduce valori diferite.
In the case of AR and VR products, the emphasis is on allowing people to experience realistic virtual images, even mixing and interacting with real situations. At present, both Oculus and HTC use AMOLED screens provided by Samsung as virtual reality device displays to meet the needs of VR devices with high resolution, high contrast, wide viewing angle, high response speed, and low blue light (because of long-term and close-range use). . Samsung also showcased its next-generation 4K (2160 X 3840) AMOLED screen (806 ppi) developed for VR at Display Week 2016 in San Francisco. In addition, Magic Leap's core MR technology is achieved by a photonic light field chip. By projecting light onto the glass and then onto the user's retina, the relevant technical details of Magic Leap are still reserved; and in addition to the current use in games, it will become more available when high-bandwidth transmission construction and services such as 5G become more mature. In vertical markets such as education, healthcare, industry, sports, etc. Therefore, on the display, technologies such as high resolution, low power consumption, high transmission rate, and innovative 3D projection systems are required to meet future product needs.
Compared with the long-term development of personal and household use, it evolves with product needs and trends. For example, TVs or computers should have larger screens and better picture quality, or mobile phones and wearable devices should be able to fold, Bending to achieve functions such as resistance to falling and easy storage, and is also affected by the development of network construction and content services; therefore, it needs to be thin, power-saving, flexible, and high-resolution, wide color gamut when reflected on the display. and other technologies, and even the ability to integrate human-machine interface and overall machine design. For example, the Flexible AMOLED panel that Apple may introduce into mobile phones in 2017 is a very critical display technology in the next few years. JDI, a leading manufacturer of small and medium-sized LCD panels, is also actively improving its technology in response to the current challenges faced by existing mobile phone panel products, including the improvement of specifications such as resolution, narrow bezel, and integration with touch. In the future, more opportunities lie in the display that can introduce more human-computer interaction functions. Long-term technological development will combine biomedical sensing and integrate biometric functions, including eyeball, fingerprint, palmprint recognition, etc. missing input device.
In the application field of automotive and public use, it is necessary to respond to more diverse usage needs and situations. For example, the size and shape must be able to combine the interior design or indoor and outdoor space, as well as the integration of vehicle information communication or public safety and intelligence. Retail and other services and human-machine interface; for example, JDI combines LTPS technology with touch integration solutions in the field of automotive display, and the development direction of forward-looking technology is mainly curved and shaped. The IGZO backplane technology that Sharp is good at has been used to develop a new type of automotive panel Free-Form Display (FFD). This technology allows the display screen to be shaped into various shapes, mainly because of the use of special circuit design and IGZO technology. The Gate Drivers of the panel are distributed and set in the pixels of the panel. The width of the panel frame can be greatly reduced, which is more in line with the customized design. The panel can be freely adjusted to wavy, circular and other shapes. In the field of automotive and commercial displays, LGD has launched a dual-track strategy for curved OLED and LCD panels. In the use environment of vehicle and public use display, it will face various weather, temperature and humidity, etc. Therefore, the display must have important functions such as high weather resistance, high strength, high reliability, and outdoor visibility. And with the development of advanced driver assistance systems and smart cities, the demand for displays used in vehicles and public use will continue to heat up, becoming a market worthy of attention.
From the application field and development direction of display technology, it can be seen that it is greatly affected by market demand. Therefore, if the application direction is not special, or the product market is in recession and shrinking, it is difficult to play a role even with the best and most advanced technology, just like many notebook computer brands are moving closer to cost. Including the materials used in new technologies, or the funds required for RD and production, are important factors when developing innovative display technologies, and they are also aspects that Taiwanese manufacturers need to consider.
Inovația tehnologică trebuie să profite de oportunitate
Tehnologiile flexibile AMOLED, Micro LED și proiecție 3D au potențial
However, we can still see several key technologies worth noting from the current development trend of display technology. For example, Flexible AMOLED, which has the characteristics of thinness, flexibility, and transparent display, has considerable advantages in wearable devices or VR applications, but it also requires technical matching such as circuit boards, optical film materials, and touch control. At present, many manufacturers, including South Korea, Japan, and mainland China, are actively promoting the technology and production capacity of Flexible AMOLED. It is estimated that global production will increase significantly in 2018. Therefore, Taiwanese manufacturers should think about putting into mass production as soon as possible and occupying the market in advance to achieve the best results. benefits, and to secure funding from the government and leading mobile phone brands.
In addition, the rise of micro light-emitting diodes (Micro LEDs) in recent years is also a display technology being developed by many international academic and research institutions. Especially compared to Flexible AMOLED, Micro LED using semiconductor process has the characteristics of long service life, low energy consumption, high weather resistance, high reliability, high resolution, etc., and has short response time, high operating temperature range, and wide viewing angle. Various sensors can also be integrated. Although Micro LED's Mass Transfer technology (transferring different LEDs to a larger substrate), and circuit driving, color conversion, inspection, uniformity, etc. still need to be solved, it has not yet reached mass production. However, in the future, it will have great potential value in the fields of wearable devices, vehicles, aviation and military, AR/VR and so on.
In terms of innovative 3D projection technology, it is a key project invested by many venture capital funds. For example, Magic Leap, a start-up company in the United States mentioned above, has a total raised capital of more than 1.4 billion US dollars and a valuation of as high as 4.5 billion US dollars, including Google, Alibaba, Qualcomm and other companies, as well as many famous VCs are Magic Leap investors. Magic Leap allows the human eye to see 3D images with different depths of field and clarity at the same time, instead of all images that are clear and violate the visual perception like a normal monitor. In the future, this type of technology will not only have business opportunities in the consumer and game fields, but also expand to industrial, medical, military and other directions. It is also a very challenging display technology.
